Emergency List / with Pets

emergency preparedness for pets
for pets

Emergencies come in many forms, and they may require anything from a brief absence from your home to permanent evacuation. Each type of disaster requires different measures to keep your pets safe. The best thing you can do for yourself and your pets is to be prepared. On the west coast, we think about earthquakes.  When preparing for the big one, don't forget the needs of your pet!  With our Stella on the way, we have re-evaluated our emergency supply list.  Read more to see the entire list.

EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS

On Vancouver Island, we are mainly concerned with earthquakes.Always fill your gas tank when it is half empty. After an earthquake, gas station swill either be closed or the gas will be for emergency vehicles. Keep a bag of supplies near your bed. If you are awakened in the middle of the night and told to evacuate, you can grab your bag and your animals and go.Suggestions:
• Heavy gloves and shoes (for broken glass)
• A flashlight and batteries (always store batteries in a sealed plastic bag)
• 5 gallon containers and add four drops of chlorinated bleach for every gallon of water, then change the water every six months).Water - fill an empty 2 litre bottle from the tap (Keep lots more stored outside in
• Food - both for people and pets • Waterproof matches and candles
• great to keep warm & dry (enough for people and animals)Orange garbage bags & silver emergency blankets — these are highly visible &
• One week’s worth of your medication & any your animals require
• Leashes — your pets should always be wearing collars with tags
• vaccination records, driver’s license, birth certificate etc.Laminated copies of important papers such as your pet’s registration papers,
• Quarters for pay phones and small bills for miscellaneous expenses
• Extra keys to your vehicle(s) and your home
• A first aid kit & instructions with supplies for you and your animals
• a place to stay for you and your pets. A list of phone numbers of out-of-town friends and relatives that could provide
• Extra supplies to be kept in a safe location outside (wheeled garbage cans are ideal)Photos of your animals in case they get lost, pen & paper for signs
• Radio and batteries
• Tarps and rope
• A crowbar, hammer, nails, axe, folding shovel
• More food for the animals (canned is best as it lasts longest) & a can opener
• Blankets, towels and extra clothing for people and animals
• Contact a neighbour or friend who could evacuate your animals for you if you aren’t home. For more information on emergency preparedness contact your local municipal hall.
• Crates for each dog

We passed! And now the really interesting stuff begins.

va7eef
My call sign:  Victor Alpha Seven Echo Echo Foxtrot

You know we’ve been missing lately,  the reason is: our radio learning curve, the exam was yesterday. 
We passed! And aced it! We got our Canadian Amateur Basic with Honors.  So, we can play in the High Frequency. As we are already too busy, you might wonder why amateur radio? Because communications are an important component of our Emergency Preparedness interest.  Eventually, we would like to join City of Victoria, Amateur Communication Service.  (And, the possible connection with Space Station on a sighted pass is cool too.)  From learning a little, we have a large new interest.   We await Industry Canada to do the paperwork and we dream of the perfect mobile station.

Ham Radio License Notes

Amateur Radio Service is Governed by 3 pieces of legislation:

Notes from va7eef

* Industry Canada RIC – 2 and RIC 3

Radio Communications Act contains:
1. Requirements to obtain license    2. Penalites for failure to do so

 

The Act states that you cannot:
install, operate or possess a device capable of transmitting electromagnetic waves lower than 3000GHz  without being licenced in accordance with the Act.  Also, the equipment must be located in a place with a station license.

The Regulations encompasses:
the rules for the hobby including 3rd party traffic, bandwidth, permitted frequencies, communications content, power limits, etc.

  • post yellow/white station license
  • 3rd party traffic means a message sent to a non-amateur via an amateur station.
  •  there are some countries which it is forbidden to communicate with   (N. Korea, Iran)
  • Obscene Language
  • Confidentiality
  • You must state your CALLSIGN at the beginning and end of an exchange. You must identify again at 30mins. Identification must be in English or French.
  • You may only communicate with other amateur stations
  • You cannot develop a secret code
  • You cannot play music or commercially recorded material
  • You cannot demand nor accept remuneration for any communication

Sanctions under the Act

  • maximum fine of $5000.00
  • imprisonment for up to 1 year
  • or both

Regulations Continued …

Bandwidth:

is the portion of the band that your transmitted signal occupies:

Signals below 25MHz shall not exceed 6 kHz bandwidth (except 10.1 10.15 MHz –> 1 kHz )
28.0 – 29.7 MHz shall not exceed 20 kHz bandwidth
50 MHz – 144 MHz shall not exceed 30 kHz bandwidth
200 MHz shall not exceed 100 kHz bandwidth
430 MHz 12 MHz (Amateur Television)

 Transmitter Power:

  1. direct current input power: Basic License – max 250 watts  Advanced License – max 1 kW  :  to the anode or collector or circuit of the transmitter stage
  2. radio frequency output power measured across an impedance matched load: Basic License – max 560 watts peak envelope power. Advanced License – max 2250 watts (for transmitters producing SSB emission)  or  Basic License – max 190 watts carrier  power. Advanced License – max 750 watts (for other types of emission)

Harmful Interference:

  • interference must neither endanger or degrade the use or functioning of safety-related transmitters and receivers (ie police, ambulance, coast guard)
  • or, significantly degrade, obstruct or repeatedly interrupt the use or functioning of radio apparatus or radio sensitive equipment.

Measurements:

  1. Device capable of measuring the transmitted frequency (with the same accuracy as a crystal calibrator), AND
  2. Device capable of preventing and indicating overmodulation, AND
  3. Frequency stability of the transmitter of frequencies below 148 MHz must be equivalent to a crystal-controlled radio.

** All modern transceivers meet these 3 requirements.

Number of Amateur Radio Stations

You may have:

2  Type 1 site-specific stations

1 module station

** Only 2 stations can operate simultaneously (one of which must be the mobile station)

** Station does not mean transmitter, so, station may have many transmitters operating simultaneously

 

Emergency Communications

Amateur stations have the authority to communicate any message that relates to an emergency (earthquake, flood, tornado) on behalf of any person, government, or relief organization.

Distress: – grave and imminent danger, need immediate assistance: “MAYDAY, MAYDAY, MAYDAY, CALLSIGN”  Repeat until you get a response. Priority over all other communication.

Urgency:- urgent message concerning safety of person, place, vehicle, plane or vessel. “PAN PAN, PAN PAN, PAN PAN, CALLSIGN”. Priority over all other communication except distress.

Safety: – safety navigation or weather advisories. “SECURITY, SECURITY, SECURITY CALLSIGN”

 

Safety Code 6

Health Canada’s document “Limits of Exposure to Radiofrequency Fields at Frequencies from 10kHz to 300 GHz”

http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/ewh-semt/pubs/radiation/99ehd-dhm237/preface-preambule_e.html

 

Certification

 

Basic Certificate (70%)

  • restricted to frequencies above 30MHz
  • lower power below 250W
  • not be the license holder of a repeater
  • not be holder of a club station
  • must use commercially manufactured equipment

Advance Certification (80%+)

  • operate on HF bands
  • below 30 MHz
  • operate less than 1000W

The frequency allocations for Canada in ITU Region 2 are:

 

 

Frequency (MHz)

Lower edge

Frequency (MHz)

Upper edge

Maximum Bandwidth

Qualifications

1.8

2.0

6 kHz

B and 5

3.5

4.0

6 kHz

B and 5

7.0

7.3

6 kHz

B and 5

10.1

10.15

1 kHz

B and 5

14.0

14.350

6 kHz

B and 5

18.068

18.168

6 kHz

B and 5

21.0

21.450

6 kHz

B and 5

24.890

24.990

6 kHz

B and 5

28.0

29.7

20 kHz

B and 5

50.0

54.0

30 kHz

B

144

148

30 kHz

B

220

225

100 kHz

B

430

450

12 MHz

B **

902

928

12 MHz

B **

1,240

1300

Not Specified

B **

2,300

2,450

Not Specified

B **

3,300

3,500

Not Specified

B **

5,650

5,925

Not Specified

B **

10,000

10,500

Not Specified

B **

24,000

24,050

Not Specified

B

24,050

24,250

Not Specified

B **

47,000

47,200

Not Specified

B

75,500

76,000

Not Specified

B

76,000

81,000

Not Specified

B **

142,000

144,000

Not Specified

B

144,000

149,000

Not Specified

B **

241,000

248,000

Not Specified

B **

248,000

250,000

Not Specified

B

 

 

Notes:

“B” means an Amateur Operators Certificate with Basic Qualification
“5” means an Amateur Operators Certificate with Morse Code (5 w.p.m.) Qualification
Radio Amateurs are secondary users in the bands marked with asterisks **, and may not cause interference to primary users.

CANADIAN CALLSIGN PREFIXES

 

VE1, VA1 NS
VE2, VA2 QC
VE3. VA3 ON
VE4, VA4 MB
VE5, VA5 SK
VE6, VA6 AB
VE7, VA7 BC
VE8 NWT
VE9 NB
VE0 International Waters
VO1 NF
VO2 Labrador
VY1 Yukon
VY2 PEI
VY0 Nunavut

Phonetic Alphabet

alpha beta charlie delta echo
foxtrot golf hotel india julliet
kilo lima mike november oscar
papa quebec romeo sierra tango
uniform victor whiskey xray yankee
zulu        

 

Q Code

 

See More: http://www.kloth.net/radio/qcodes.php

Q Code Ques Ans Remember
QRZ Who is calling me? You are being called by … Snooze
QSO Can you communicate with… direct .. or relay? I can communicate with… direct .. or relay So and So
QRM Are you being interfered with? I am being interfered with … 1,2,3,4,5 Radio Man
QRN Are you troubled by static? I am troubled by static … 1,2,3,4,5 Radio Natural
QRS Shall I send more slowly? Send more slowly (wpm) Radio Slower
QTH What is your position? My position is lat long The Home
QSL Can you acknowledge receipt? I can acknowledge receipt. QSL Card
QRG Can your tell me my exact frequency? Your exact frequency is KHz or MHz RiG frequency
QRT Shall I stop sending? Stop Sending. Radio Terminate
QTR What is the exact time? Exact Time is … 2000 Z Time Right Now
QRO Shall I increase my transmitter power? Increase your transmitter power. Ridiculously Overload
QRP Shall I decrease my transmitter power? Decrease transmitter power. Reduce Power
QSY Shall I change frequency? Change frequency to … See You Change
QRH Does my frequency vary? Change frequency to … Radio Hold Frequency
QRI How is the tone of my frequency? The tone of your transmission is 1=good, 2= variable, 3=bad Radio Intonate
QRK What is the intelligibility of my signal (or those of …)?  The intelligibility of your signal is 1=bad, 2=poor, 3=fair, 4=good, 5=excellent Radio Klearly

1 nil

2 slightly

3 moderately

4 severely

5 extremely

Station Diagram

station setup

The DC input power of a transmitter operating at 12 volts and drawing 500 milliamps would be: 6 watts   
P = E × I   =   12 × .5   =   6 watts

 

Current and Voltage

 

Current (I) is the flow of electrons through a conductor, and is measured in amperes (A).

Voltage (E) is the electrical pressure, or electromotive force, that causes the electrons to flow, and is measured in volts (V).

Analogy: If you compare electric current to water flowing through a pipe, then voltage is like the water pressure.
The ampere is named for André Marie Ampère, a mathematician and physicist who made major contributions to the theory of electromagnetism.
The volt is named for Alessandro Giuseppe Antonio Anastasio Volta, a pioneer in the study of electricity and inventor of the electric battery.

 

 

 

Resistance

 

Resistance (R) is the opposition to current, and is measured in ohms (Ω).

A resistor is a circuit component that provides resistance.  Resistors are made from materials with moderate resistance, like carbon.

Bad Beer Rots Our Young Guts But Vodka Goes Well.

The Standard EIA Color Code Table per EIA-RS-279 is as follows:

Color 1st band 2nd band 3rd band (multiplier) 4th band (tolerance) Temp. Coefficient
Black 0 0 ×100    
Brown 1 1 ×101 ±1% (F) 100 ppm
Red 2 2 ×102 ±2% (G) 50 ppm
Orange 3 3 ×103   15 ppm
Yellow 4 4 ×104   25 ppm
Green 5 5 ×105 ±0.5% (D)  
Blue 6 6 ×106 ±0.25% (C)  
Violet 7 7 ×107 ±0.1% (B)  
Gray 8 8 ×108 ±0.05% (A)  
White 9 9 ×109    
Gold     ×0.1 ±5% (J)  
Silver     ×0.01 ±10% (K)  
None       ±20% (M)  

Note: red to violet are the colors of the rainbow where red is low energy and violet is higher energy.

Component Symbol Photo Description
 
Resistor Opposes the flow of electricity and converts electric energy to heat.  Commonly used to limit current flow in a circuit.
Variable Resistor A resistor with a wiper arm that has a terminal connected to it, allowing you to vary the resistance.  When hooking them up, the middle terminal is always the wiper arm.  Also called a potentiometer.

 

Series versus Parallel Circuits

Resistors in seriesResistors in parallel

A series circuit is wired so that current passes through a series of components, one after the other.

In a parallel circuit, current branches out through multiple paths.  Kirchhoff’s Current Law says that the sum of the currents flowing into any branching point is equal to the sum of the currents flowing out.  In other words:

IA  =  IB + IC

 

Note: What matters here is the wiring, not the physical arrangement of the components.

 

German physicist Gustav Robert Kirchhoff (1824-1887) made major contributions to our understanding of electricity, spectroscopy, and other fields.

 

 

 

Ohm’s Law

 

Ohm’s Law shows the relationship between:

  • electromotive force or voltage (E) in volts (V)
  • current (I) in amperes (A)
  • and resistance (R) in ohms (Ω)

This law is expressed by three equivalent formulas:

E = I × R — to determine voltage

I = E / R — to determine current

R = E / I — to determine resistance

A rule of “thumb”
for remembering
Ohm’s Law

Move the mouse
over a letter
to see its formula


 

An ohm is defined as the resistance of a circuit in which a 1 ampere current flows when 1 volt is applied.

German physicist, Georg Simon Ohm (1787-1854), who formulated Ohm’s Law.

 

 

Resources

 

http://www.certbc.com

Amateur Certification – Fact Sheet – Industry Canada

RIC-2 – Standards for the Operation of Radio Stations in the Amateur Radio Service

http://www.hamtestonline.com

Get Ready

New left-side News Block:   10 recent local quakes.  My City of Victoria provides free EP courses.  E and I will personally recommend you take all of them.  Then be a block captain, get organized, be prepared.

Go here.